International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub

This paper proposes a novel method for generating the standard reference musical notes for tuning the Indian Classical Musical String Instruments and may other musical instruments that need periodical retuning. Proper tuning of the musical instruments, before public performance, is must-to-do activity. Even a fine mistuning leads to improper musical notes. In this paper we have designed an embedded system, using standard microcontroller 8051, to obtain standard reference frequencies (notes) for three different octaves (saptak’s). The output signal is conditioned to obtain near sinewave and reproduced into sound using audio amplifier. The control program is written in assembly language to select the reference note and an octave. The standard reference note frequencies are measured using 0.5 Hz accuracy digital frequency counter and displayed on LCD.

As we know that Agriculture serves as the heart of Indian economy and half of the population in India survives because of agriculture is the main earning crops in India for this we want to make a smart agriculture system for easily farming and other processes. In this paper, advantages of IoT in Smart Farming and its applications are presented. Architecture of a fully automated agriculture system and a smart weather and Soil condition sensor are presented. Challenges in implementing an IoT based agricultural systems are highlighted.  Durability of sensors and cost are mentioned.

Concrete is the most commonly used material by humans which stands next to the water in terms of consumption in the world. Due to the rapid growth in the construction sector, the amount of concrete to be used is increasing day by day which requires a huge quantity of natural materials such as river sand and aggregates. Due to the illegal sand mining and overexploitation, the availability of river sand is getting scarce day by day. The cement which acts as a binding material is one of the important materials in concrete. The most commonly used cement is Portland cement. For the generation of 1 ton of cement, approximately 1 ton of Co₂ is released into the atmosphere. To overcome these problems, Supplementary cementitious materials to be used as a replacement for the cement. In this experimental work, fly ash and M Sand are used as a replacement to the cement and river sand. The strength properties such as compressive strength and tensile strength were compared with the conventional concrete of M25 grade with the concrete made by using replacement materials.

Infectious and hazardous waste are engendering within health care and hospitals. The emissions of definite metals and chlorinated dioxins and furans in the flue gasses of medical waste are comparatively high as compared to the emissions from different combustion sources. Discriminate disposal of these wastes possesses a serious threat to the ecosystem and human health. Tremendous efforts have been made by the government to ensure the availability of medical disposal services. In general, the incineration method is one of the most extensively used techniques for the disposal of medical wastes. The process involves burning waste at a very high elevated temperature. The article deals with the fundamental problems as definition, categories of medical waste, and the process like segregation, storage, and transport and disposal methods are discussed. A statistics of CBMWTF operation under 11 districts surveyed. Effective biomedical waste management is mandatory for healthy humans and to the unstained environment. 

This paper proposes a wireless approach for water-level monitoring and control-system using standard wireless transceiver module HC-12 in a legal frequency band of 433.4 MHz to 473.0 MHz supported with hundred communication channels. The monitoring and control range is up to 500 meters in open-air and about 100 meters indoor. The microcontroller Arduino ATMEGA328 is used as monitoring and controlling device. The module is set initially for the baud-rate of 9600, 20 dBm transmitting power, -112 dBm receiving sensitivity, 445 MHz transmission frequency and channel number 50. All the modules in the network are set to the same parametric values to achieve synchronized communication. The controlling program collects the information regarding water-levels in different tanks and initiates control action as to start or stop the water pumping motor. It also displays the status of the water levels in different tanks. The design is tested for the household purpose. To achieve long range communications, the LORA modules could be used but for higher cost

This paper investigates a single server batch service queueing system with second optional service and reneging. The transient state probabilities of the queueing model are computed by using fourth order Runge Kutta method. Cost analysis is performed to determine the optimal values of the service rates of First Essential Service (FES) and Second Optional Service (SOS) simultaneously at the minimum total expected cost per unit time. Some important performance measures and numerical illustrations are provided in order to show the managerial intuitions of the model.