International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub

Learning materials undoubtedly enrich teaching in every stage or grade of learning. Such materials keep children engaged in the multi-faceted learning, thereby helping to build their abilities for the application of knowledge. Teaching and learning materials have proven to be strong   forces to support learning of children. Quality learning materials are developed in accordance to different curricular frameworks that connect various disciplines of teaching and learning with big ideas, themes, and concepts. As such they are the result of the field testing and refinement carried out carefully. Various curriculum frameworks and policies have given due consideration to the supportive materials vis-à-vis learning outcomes, selection, content, area, grade/ level appropriateness, age appropriateness, access and storage etc within constrained environments. Keeping the importance of Learning materials in view the study on the topic was carried out in District Ganderbal of J&K with a sample size of 30 teachers working in KG sections.

Nurses as the largest group of health care providers will have a good standard of working life so they can provide their patients with quality treatment. Therefore care should be taken to the working life of the nurses. Work life quality (WLQ) is a dynamic object that is affected by multiple facets of work and personal life, and communicates with them. Brooks argued that QWL has two goals: to increase the consistency of the employees work experience while at the same time increasing the organization's overall profitability. From a nursing perspective, Brooks defined the QWL as “the degree to which registered nurses are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experiences in their work organization while achieving the organization’s goals”. Therefore the idea of employee satisfaction is more than just having a job and a wage for people. It's about giving people a place they feel welcomed, valued and appreciated.

Maternity wear is a garment, specifically designed for the pregnant woman. It should have enough space to accommodate all bodily changes throughout pregnancy period.  It must nurture both, the mother and the baby [1]. It should be useful in first trimester to last trimester period. At the same time it must enhance the beauty of the mother. This can be obtained by applying technical skills such as designing, drafting, cutting and construction of a garment. This research is an attempt to develop an adaptive and caring maternity garment. The research methodology includes home visit and visit at maternity hospital to know existing problems of expectations of the pregnant women. This input’s given by them will help in developing a comfortable maternity wear. Women’s being aesthetically conscious, the garments will definitely help them to further glorify them self. During pregnancy, female body undergoes lot of physical changes, especially on the bust and the hip. There is also a gradual growth of the biceps and thighs [2]. To address these needs, women tend to buy oversized garments, which do not provide the proper horizontal and vertical fittings [3]. These garments won’t satiate all the required needs. Hence, this research is intended to solve the above mentioned issues. A special emphasis has been given to the rural and semi-urban female population.

Corona virus positive sense Ribonucleotide Acid virus with spike like structure as well as a zoonotic virus causing number of diseases in pigs, cows, chickens and recently in a tiger as well as humans. The worldwide emerging pandemic of a great concern to all the scientists, virologists, microbiologists, doctors and even to the common people. In December2019 a life-threatening virus novel corona virus 2019(2019-nCoV) also called as (SARS-CoV) which is an outbreak emerged from the city of Wuhan in China and spread nation-wise to all the world. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a corona virus disease COVID-19. SARS-CoV2 like SARS-Corona virus uses receptor ACE2 to their entrance into the host cell. Many drugs like Hydroxy-chloroquine etc. used for the treatment as it decreases the effect of corona virus by inhibiting the replication of the corona virus. SARS-CoV2 spreads faster than their two other ancestral species i.e., SARS (2002) and MERS (2012). This virus is spreading exponentially therefore its proper rapid diagnosis is of great concern for the infected ones by providing them medicos. In this review article we will focus on the different diagnostic methods for COVID which are based on molecular and serological testing. RT-PCR the first and rationally used technique to the diagnosis sometimes give false positive and false negative results ascribed to inaccurate isolation of the nucleic acids and takes 5-6 hours which are not applicable for the detection at early stage of infection. So other methods like RT-LAMP (Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification),FET (Field Effect Transistor)based biosensor detect S-protein on the virus surface, Lateral flow immunoassay (LFI)are the other alternative methods for diagnosis purposes.

Central Board of Secondary Education introduced Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation in Indian School system, just to reduce the burden on the students (Examination) and move forward towards happy learning. Teachers are considered as pillars of Education system and ultimate agents in implementing the CCE system as they help in shaping pupils’ personality and nurture good habits among them. The present study attempts to find out perception of teachers towards continuous and comprehensive evaluation. Samples of 100 school teachers were randomly selected from Delhi and Faridabad. Self-made Questionnaire consists of 10 items for teachers was prepared and distributed among them. The findings revealed that the perception of upper primary school teachers of Delhi is better than that of NCR towards CCE.

An excellent performance of employees is a key factor in an organization’s growth. Employees are the foundation of the company. Organization is investing more money on preparation and advancement of workers to improve their productivity and effectiveness. The study has interviewed workers to examine the factors that impacts on the performance of the employees. Upon interviewing the IT Industry employees, we can say that the IT industry employees are happy with their respective training and development programmes. It has also been concluded in this study that employee satisfaction, work security, and financial benefits are the main factors in employee performance growth. Management with a focus on improving employees will strengthen the interest and commitment of employees to the job.

The reason for this investigation is planned for surveying impact on symbolic execution of executive systems. The particular targets were to realize how self-awareness impact worker execution, to discover how pay impacts representative execution, to distinguish how assessment of worker exhibitions impact foundation execution and to know the presentation the executives framework and how it helps in institutional turn of events The Research  achieved  a high reaction which helped to  intensify  the   discoveries. That PMS came out unmistakably affects representative execution. It was uncovered that PMS has changed the manner in which representative’s works as far as granting information and aptitudes through preparing and tutoring. It has helped them feel enabled as far as compensating them for the great work done. PMS has assisted with separating accomplishment among representatives at all levels, in this way driving optional exertion

This paper demonstrates about work life balance in accordance with genders. Men and women are generatively facing work life imbalance. Although organizations are playing a vital role in maintaining a Supporting work climate to improve work-life balance. In the present era, Indian organizations are looking after strategies to look after flexible working hours, part time work, facilities and provisions for child care. Such initiatives are similar even what other countries provide. Off course it is a promising trend. Yet the respondents in this survey have also oddly demonstrated their inability to reconcile their career and personal life.In the existence of this finding, the paper indicates the need to more efficiently improvise the worklife balance and to manage lives of employees. The paper would also explain how workplace can be 
More convenient for workers and more beneficial to their professional work.

Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the devops process to automate every single need of the infrastructure to enable better deployment speed, secured, high scalability, automated backup and restores. IaC is about writing code that describes the infrastructure where resources can easily be created, destroyed, resized, replaced and moved. It is the process of scripting environments - from installing an operating system, to installing and configuring servers on instance, to configuring how the instances software communicate with one another, and much more. This paper discusses various tools and technology sets that can be used to attain an efficient infrastructure across all the industries ensuring the security using public and private clouds. Questions like how easily we can adapt, how to ensure security, how to choose the correct tools and technology set, deployment methods, benefits and implementations of the IaC, would be answered in this paper. Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the devops process to automate every single need of the infrastructure to enable better deployment speed, secured, high scalability, automated backup and restores. IaC is about writing code that describes the infrastructure where resources can easily be created, destroyed, resized, replaced and moved. It is the process of scripting environments - from installing an operating system, to installing and configuring servers on instance, to configuring how the instances software communicate with one another, and much more. This paper discusses various tools and technology sets that can be used to attain an efficient infrastructure across all the industries ensuring the security using public and private clouds. Questions like how easily we can adapt, how to ensure security, how to choose the correct tools and technology set, deployment methods, benefits and implementations of the IaC, would be answered in this paper.

The aim of this research is to identify factors affecting girls negative attitudes towards physics and suggests pedagogical approaches that can help secondary physics teachers to engage girls in physics. In this study we used survey method and standardized questionnaire and try to find factors that affect girls negative attitude towards physics study. The sample consists of 47 grade K-12 girls. We try to find possible reasons for their disengagement about physics study. In order to increase girls participation in physics related careers we try to change teachers attitude about girls engagement with physics and equipping teachers with effective pedagogical strategies to address the problem should become one of the top priorities of physics education community. This paper highlighted research literature on the reason for girls’ disengagement from physics and suggested research based pedagogies that help teaching to address this problem.

Agriculture is one of the most important sectors in the country as more than 55 percent of total workforce in India is engaged in the sector. Since the formulation of Indian Cooperative Societies Act in 1912, cooperative sector plays a major role in delivering credit to the masses. One of the main players of Rural Short-Term Cooperative Credit System (RSTCC) in the country as well as in Mizoram is Primary Agricultural Credit Cooperative Societies (PACS). The paper examines the structure and financial performance of 25 sample PACS using certain structure and financial parameters like – villages covered, membership, employment generation, working capital, total business, capital structure, CD ratio, debt-equity ratio, return on investment etc. And to draw inferences, statistical tools like CAGR, t-value of curve estimation, ratios and Pearson Correlation were used. While the village coverage is low, membership base has increased significantly. The sample PACS were able to utilise its membership base to increase its share capital. However, credit-deposit ratio and capital structure of the sample PACS do not have significant relationship on return on investment.

Kerala, south western state of India is known for its abundant heavy mineral deposits along the coast. Beach placer deposits in Kerala is known for ilmenite, rutile, zircon, monazite, sillimanite and garnet. The grain size study of the sediments from Karamana river, flowing in the southern part of Kerala. Sediments from different parts of the river basin is studied, which enabled to understand the grain size variations with course of the river from the Peppara dam to Thiruvallam, very near to coast. Mineralogy of the river vary from one place to another depending different factors like host rocks in the province, climate conditions of the area, agents of transport and hydraulic condition during deposition, also can predict the actual source area associated with heavy mineral. Textural and heavy mineral studies of the placers of beach and Karamana river basins indicating the river is one of the important contributors of sediments to the western coast of the southern part of Kerala. Samples from various parts of the river indicate that the sediment is medium sand, moderately sorted, fine skewed and platykurtic. The characteristics of grain size distribution are related to the source rocks, process of weathering, and different sorting processes during transportation and deposition. The total heavy mineral percentage shows it is prominently enrichment in fine sand and very fine sands.

As per Section 115 O of Income Tax Act 1961, Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) is to be imposed on the dividend, which is distributed by company to their shareholders; it was paid by company. But on 1^st February 2020, in India Union Budget 2020, announced to abolish the Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT). Dividend policy is a strategy used by a company to determine the amount and timing of dividend payments. The dividends policy framed by an organization is one of the crucial issues in corporate finance. It may have an impact on shareholders’ wealth. The study is an attempt to analyze the impact of shareholders’ wealth due to the abolishment of the Dividend Distribution Tax. According to new policy, dividends are to be taxed and are part of the shareholder’s income. In the DDT arrangement, tax was deducted by the company on the dividends given to the shareholders at a constant rate. But because of this new policy, small investors and retirees are getting little amounts as dividends, which end up by paying the tax. The problem has been analyzed by find the relationship between dividend policy and shareholders wealth. The study is based on the data for the period of 6 years from the financial year 2013-2014 to 2018-2019 of 50 companies of the Nifty 50. Statistical analysis has been conducted considering the variables, viz.earning per share and dividend per share

Over the last few decades, research in reversible logic has increasingly become very popular and it is gaining greater momentum in the present word. Reversible logic has started finding concert applications in quantum computing, optical computing, nano-technology based system, low-power CMOS design, VLSI design. The principal objective of this work is to argue for quantum implementation of various reversible logic gates by using C-NOT, Controlled-V and Controlled-V⁺ gates. The present work presents Binary coded decimal adder (BCD) in terms of number of gates, garbage outputs, quantum cost, delay and hardware complexity compared to existing design.

The economic rescue packages for dealing with the impact of coronavirus must also be green. The government has to spend large amount of money to sustain jobs and livelihood. This should be done keeping in view green concept. The year 2020 seems to be more remarkable and transformational in recent history. There have been demand and supply shocks across the global economy as a result of emergence of COVID 19. Many European economies faced dislocations as a result of virus spread. COVID 19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly invented coronavirus. They were first discovered in the late 1960s. The study covered the various ways in which coronavirus is bringing changes in the environment. Some of them are positive and the others have a negative impact on the environment. The impact of COVID 19 on International Environmental law was also examined. The environmental consequences of COVID 19 in various countries were also analysed. Italy and China were the countries selected for identifying environmental impact. The various ways in which virus is bringing changes in the environment are air quality improvement, greenhouse gas emission, waste, metro, airline emissions and climate. The interconnections between COVID 19 pandemic and international environmental law at three stages of crisis was made.

Nagaland has a tradition of beekeeping since time immemorial. They practice both apiculture and meliponiculture, while the former is preferred over the latter. Meliponicluture or stingless beekeeping is negligible due to little or no domestication technology. Stingless bee is the smallest honey producing bee. The honey of stingless bee taste  sweet and sour and is different from common honey. Nagas use the stingless honey as an ethno-remedy to treat various diseases and usually take it before going out for hard work to get more strength and energy. It has high demand in the market because of its great medicinal value. However demand of the market is not fulfilled due to less number of stingless bee keepers. Nagaland Beekeeping and Honey Mission- NBHM has opened many avenues for the beekeepers to sell their pure organic produce like in Hornbill festival at Kohima, and also to local, national and international tourist. This paper would like to study the economic importance of beekeeper with a special reference to stingless bee in rural areas. The researcher would like to emphasize on how the village livelihood are sustained by rearing bee. It will also cover the farmers with beekeeping as hobby turn into  full time prosperous beekeepers.

Social media is a place where people give their opinions and discuss issues. Social media’s are websites and applications which allow users to create and share content or to participate in social networking. It also focuses on a specific field like edification of children and adult, business, and society. In today’s world social media sites continue to grow like leaps and bounds in popularity where technology plays an important role in student’s life. This paper describes how social media affects to students in both optimistic aspects as well as deleterious aspects

Horticulture is a branch of agriculture that deals with the art, sciences, technology and business of plant cultivation. Horticulture has improved economic status of farmer’s seasonal availability of fruits and vegetables throughout the year increased. This study was conducted to forecast the horticulture crops in India for the years from 2019 to 2021. And the study aim to find out the correctness of forecasting methods on the data collected from the source of horticulture crops in India.

The surroundings in which we live comprises of numerous life forms such as birds, fishes, plants and trees. In simple terms, it is the variability and variety of living organisms together with ecological facilities in which they exist. Over the years, the biodiversity has been facing rapid depletion as a result of habitat loss, excessive exploitation of resources, climatic changes, diseases, pollution, poaching of animals etc. In order to correct this scenario, vital steps for biodiversity conservation have to be taken by public in general along with the government and social organizations. Thus, biodiversity conservation has become a major issue in present times. The term biodiversity was coined as a contraction of biological diversity in 1985. Biodiversity may be defined as the variety and variability of living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they exist. In other words, biodiversity is the occurrence of different types of ecosystems, different species of organisms with the whole range of their variants and genes adapted to different climates, environments along with their interactions and processes. Loss of biodiversity occurs when either the habitat essential for the survival of a species is destroyed, or particular species are destroyed. The former is more common as habitat destruction is a fallout of development. The latter reason is encountered when particular species are exploited for economical gain or hunted for sport or food. Extinction of species may also be due to environmental factors like ecological substitutions, biological factors and pathological causes which can be caused by nature or man. Conservation of biodiversity is protection, upliftment and scientific management of biodiversity so as to maintain it at its threshold level and derive sustainable benefits for the present and future generation.

Phytochemicals are primary or secondary product of Plant’s metabolism. They have many biological activities in the plant including role in plant growth and defense against competitors, pathogens or predators. These bioactive compounds of plants are the core of the traditional ethnic medicine practices among many tribes. Biscofia javanica, commonly known as Uriam is a tree in tropical areas of the world. The leaves of Uriam have been used by the people of Tai-Phake community of Assam against different stomach ailments. Leaves have been traditionally used for their daily meal and perceived to have therapeutic value among this community. Current investigation evaluated the bioactive compound present in the leaves Biscofia javanica. The leaves were collected from Nam-Phake village of Assam. Leaves were air-dried at 25ᵒ- 30ᵒC for 2 weeks before grinded into powder. The smooth leaf powder was used to prepare the extract by using water, ethanol and the combination of both water and ethanol (50%) solvents. Presence of phytochemicals was tested using biochemical tests. Saponin, Steroids, Glycosides, Terpenoids, Phenols, Tannins, Flavonoids, Proteins, Carbohydrates were found to be present. Antimicrobial activities of different solvent extracts of Biscofia javanica were tested using Agar well diffusion method and highest zone of inhibition was measured against test organism. Our study was a very small attempt to validate their knowledge with scientific approach. Further studies will be able to reveal the mechanism of its therapeutic activity and its broad range antimicrobial properties against other human pathogen.

The rural economy has undergone drastic change. The irregular rain, fragmented land holding and profit less agricultural sector has forced the rural youths to migrate towards urban centres in search of better employment opportunities. The construction sector mostly informal and unorganized is the major sector that is attracting majority of migrant population. Most of the migrant workers do not register themselves under any organization and remain unorganized. Though there are many welfare schemes and welfare fund, the migrant labourers are unaware of the schemes available for their welfare. This paper tries to make an attempt towards the welfare schemes available in their favour. The awareness regarding the same among migrant workers and a brief study on the unutilized welfare fund.  107 labourers working in various construction sites in Bangalore were considered for the study.

Now a day’s 80% of world population depends on herbal drugs. Apart from the synthetic drugs, Herbs has a medicinal properties as they have active constituents which are found to be more beneficial with less or no side effects. On the other hand overuse of synthetic drugs has create an interest to return to natural remedies. Prevalence of kidney stones or calculi is most common and painful disorder in population these days. Urinary stones are found in all parts of the urinary tract, the kidney, the Ureter and urinary bladder. Different causes of renal calculi are deposits of minerals, infections, hereditary factors. This may result into uremia, pyelonephritis , kidney failure etc. In the present study has been made to prominence and potential of herbal option for urinary stone or renal stone.
 

Artificial Intelligence is a developing zone in the field of innovation and furthermore attempts to show that the eventual fate of AI gains ground so that machines would function according to a human and would likewise convey the action of the person. It is difficult to create a machine like individuals who can appear feelings or think like individuals in different conditions. Directly we have recognized that AI is the examination of how to form things which can accurately fill in as people do. A working framework that utilizes AI reasoning procedures has a computerized reasoning motor, and experience scientific and Statistical module, an adjustment module and a UI. The computerized reasoning motor processes an accomplished expository boundary from a front code and a back code. The experience of scientific and Statistical module records and changes the experience's systematic boundary. The alteration module changes the front code and the back code as per the consequence of the experience logical and Statistical module computation of the experience systematic boundary. The UI inputs information or showcases the consequence of the computation. In the man-made consciousness motor, the experience diagnostic boundary is then again added to either the front code or the back code to register another experience investigative boundary. Such a game plan, the working framework can consequently change the consequence of the computation as per the decision or past decisions of the client.

None believed that the GST regime would see the light of the day in our country. It did, and it is almost stale newsnow.  What is current news is how to simplify the most complicated GST regime in the world.  It was accorded a mixed reception upon arrival, with doomsayers and optimists having their role cut out.  Some doomsayers joined the opposite camp and some optimists became doomsayers, though.  The researcher’s interaction with two stakeholder categories associated with the textile sector, namely, textile manufacturers and consultants reveal that, on the whole, the impact of the GST regime on the textile sector has not been  as bad as originally feared by certain segments of the textile sector. Even where a few hiccups were witnessed, it is believed, the problems and difficulties can be smoothed over, with the passage of time. The GST Council has been sensitive to the problems faced by the tax-payers although there is still some way to go.  The researcher recommends that the sector players import state-of-the-art technology by availing of the tax carrots the GST regime offers.  It will help the said players improve their bottom-lines.

Implementation of GST in a country like India is easier said than done.  Now GST is a reality. The dust has settled down and some call in a pyrrhic victory. But the GST plant has grown new shoots.  Rising imports have been eating into the profit of the SME players.  Import barriers have been whittling down.  So have the export incentives.  Hence the researcher concludes that the government ensure that delays in the release of ROSL are avoided.  ROSL disbursements and IGST refunds stifle the capital inflow for the units.  The schemes are laudable but their inefficient implementation plays the spoilsport.  None can pardon the delay that accompanies the disbursements of ROSL and refunds of IGST. The government should ensure that such delays do not hurt the textile players given that the GST regime has lent more transparency to the sector’s operations. Input tax credit or ITC is available in respect of all the tax paid on capital goods. Hence the units should import state-of-the-art technology to manufacture textile goods. The GST regime has almost done away with the duty drawback system. This will go a long way in promoting the export of textile products.

A hyperactive response by the immune system is said to be primarily responsible for pneumonia, also a fall out of a severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.  Infection starts when the viral spike protein binds to its complementary host cell receptor. Viruses from the corona primarily attack epithelial cells. Depending on the species of the corona virus, they are transmitted from one host to another by either an aerosol, fomite, or faecal-oral route. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are interferon blockers but they increase the risk of unsafe heart rhythm disturbances. Curcumin, a photochemical which occurs naturally in Curcuma longa, is known to have strong pharmacological properties.But it is essential to overcome the limitations for using it in medication. By docking, curcumin and its derivatives were shown to have the capacity to serve as spike protein inhibitors and thus viral entry.In this review, papers focused on structure, platforms and ill effects of Corona virus, and also discloses the nutrients which include mainly poly phenols and antioxidants containing curcuminoids which has antivirus and anti inflammatory properties; the nutrients under discussion can support the healthy functioning and strengthening of the respiratory system.

This paper offers an attempt to study the annual peak flood discharge data at Velterghat gauging station by Log Pearson Type III distribution model. The likely annual peak discharge values are estimated using Log Pearson distribution which is helpful when the policy maker wants to design flood in or near the river

This project is to fabricate the most essential parts of Delta type 3D printer parts so as to make it more efficient in cost and working. This project has 3 vital parts of a 3D printer and they are Effector, Rod end bearings, Connecting rod (Diagonal rod). The Effector is a component that holds the hot end nozzle and other heat dissipating material within it and we in our project made a multi utility Effector so as to hold many hot ends such as Laser cutting, CNC tool, Food extrusion and 3D printing hot end. This Effector is also categorized into two as uphold and bottom hold since uphold and down hold. Rod end bearings are the motion transmission bearings that would transmit motion in a spherical path. We have made a different mechanism to transmit the motion same as to rod end bearing by coupling two universal joints and making some modification in it and made it cheaper in cost and efficient in working process. The connecting rod is the linking rod between the carriage and the effector. This connecting rod is used to transmit the motion from the carriage to the effector and this works in accordance to the design imbedded on the printer. The conventional 3D printer has carbon fibre pipes as their connecting rod and in this project this connecting rod is changed to steel and this one is made so as to withstand the load acting on it and cost efficient. All these parts are connected and made as a single setup and can be used in any delta type 3D printer. The overall cost of this setup is ½ times the cost of the conventional setup.

Nowadays, a huge amount of data is available everywhere. Therefore, we need to prioritize analysing this dataset which would help us in gaining some meaningful information for the development of an algorithm based on the analysis. These feet can be obtained by using Machine Learning, Data Mining, and Data Analysis. Machine Learning which is a part of Artificial Intelligence is used for designing algorithms based on trends of data, patterns and the relation found between them. ML has been used in various fields such as Marketing, gameplay, intrusion detection, bioinformatics, information retrieval, healthcare, entertainment and also on COVID -19 applications and so on. This paper presents an overview of the contribution of ML in Entertainment industry